Etiologi Trombositopenia

Oleh :

dr.Eva Naomi Oretla

Etiologi trombositopenia disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, seperti reaksi autoantibodi , reaksi imunitas pada kondisi infeksi, kondisi sepsis, atau obat-obatan. Supresi sumsum tulang juga dapat menurunkan produksi trombosit, seperti kondisi kanker dan kemoterapi. Defisiensi mikronutrien, seperti vitamin B12 dan folat, juga dapat menimbulkan kondisi trombositopenia.[1,9,11]

Penyakit Autoimun

Penyakit autoimun dapat menyebabkan kondisi trombositopenia, seperti trombositopenia imun pada penyakit lupus eritematosus sistemik dan immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), di mana terjadi destruksi trombosit prematur melalui mekanisme autoantibodi.

Referensi

1. Cooper N, Radia D. Thrombocytopenia, Medicine. 2017:1-4 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mpmed.2017.01.009
2. Temple R, Burn B. Thrombocytopenia and neutropenia: A structured approach to evaluation. The Journal of Family Practice. 2018;67(7):E1-E8
3. Siagian LR, Zubaidah M, et al. Hubungan Derajat Trombositopenia dengan Malaria Berat pada Pasien Malaria di Rumah Sakit Kanujoso Djatiwibowo Balikpapan. Jurnal Ilmiah Manuntung. 2018;4(2):162-168
5. Arnold D, Cuker A. Drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia. Uptodate. 2021.
6. Greenberg EM. Thrombocytopenia. The Art and Science of Infusion Nursing. 2017;40(1):41-50
9. Ali N, Auerbach HE. New-onset acute thrombocytopenia in hospitalized patients: pathophysiology and diagnostic approach. Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives. 2017;7(3):157-167.
10. Gebreweld A, Erkihun Y, et al. Thrombocytopenia as a Diagnostic Marker for Malaria in Patients with Acute Febrile Illness. Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2021;0:1-6
11. Bayas A, Menacher M, Christ M, et al. Bilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis, ischaemic stroke, and immune thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination. Lancet 2021; 397:e11.
12. Singh A, Auzun G, Bakchoul T. Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia: Novel Insights into Pathophysiology and Disease Management. J. Clin. Med. 2021;10(789):1-21.
13. Neunert C, Terrell DR, et al. American Society of Hematology 2019 guidelines for immune thrombocytopenia. Blood Adv. 2019;3(23):3829-3866. Blood Adv 2020; 4:252.
14. Katiyar V, Khare R. Systemic evaluation of febrile thrombocytopenia. Int J Adv Med.2018;5(1):91-95
15. Yasa IWPS, Putra GAET, Rahmawati A. Trombositopenia Pada Demam Berdarah Dengue. Medicina. 2012;43:114-21
16. Mithoowani S, Cervi A, et al. Management of major bleeds in patients with immune thrombocytopenia. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1783.
17. Bissonnette J, Valla D, et al. Managing periprocedural thrombocytopenia in cirrhosis: Aiming for a safety window. Journal of Hepatology. 2014; 61:1199-1201.
18. Chaudhary B, Jyothi Y, et al. Thrombocytopenia and its causes. Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research. 2016;8(2):184-189.
19. George G, McIntosh J. Thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. Uptodate. 2021.
20. Hogan M, Berger JS. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT): Review of incidence, diagnosis, and management. Vascular Medicine. 2020;25(2): 160–173.
21. Saputera BA, Rodiani, Puspita R. Kehamilan dengan Trombositopenia. Medula. 2018;8(1):94-101.
22. Panyang Xu, et al. Mechanism of thrombocytopenia in COVID-19 patients. 2020. Ann Hematol.

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