Diagnosis Dementia

Oleh :

dr. Paulina Livia Tandijono

Diagnosis dementia ditegakkan berdasarkan kriteria diagnosis dari Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5). Anamnesis berguna untuk mencari tahu onset gejala dementia, misalnya muncul secara progresif atau tiba-tiba, yang dapat mengarahkan diagnosis sesuai etiologi dementia. Selain itu, dilakukan Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) untuk menilai fungsi kognitif pasien dementia.

Kriteria Diagnosis

Dalam DSM-5, diagnosis dementia digolongkan sebagai major neurocognitive disorder dengan kriteria sebagai berikut:

Referensi

3. American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorder, American Psychiatric Association, United States of America, 5th ed., 2013.
4. R. Tampi. Assessment of Dementia. Best Practice BMJ. 2018. https://bestpractice.bmj.com/topics/en-us/242
9. Ong PA, Annisafitrie FR, Purnamasari N, Calista C, Sagita N, Sofiatin Y, Dikot Y. Dementia Prevalence, Comorbidities, and Lifestyle Among Jatinangor Elders. Front Neurol. 2021 Jul 23;12:643480.
10. Liang CS, Li DJ, Yang FC, et al. Mortality rates in Alzheimer's disease and non-Alzheimer's dementias: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Healthy Longev 2021;2: e479–88
11. A. Burns, S Iliffe. Dementia, BMJ, 2009, 338, 405-409. https://www.bmj.com/bmj/section-pdf/186137?path=/bmj/338/7691/Clinical_Review.full.pdf
12. D.A. Wolk, B.C. Dickerson. Clinical features and diagnosis of Alzheimer disease. UpToDate. 2021. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-alzheimer-disease?topicRef=5083&source=see_link#H
13. Smith EE, Wright CB. Etiology, clinical manifestations, and diagnosis of vascular dementia. UpToDate. 2020. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/etiology-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-of-vascular-dementia?topicRef=5083&source=see_link#H1
14. M. R. Farlow. Clinical features and diagnosis of dementia with Lewy bodies. UpToDate. 2018. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/clinical-features-and-diagnosis-of-dementia-with-lewy-bodies?topicRef=5083&source=see_link#H1
15. J.L. Wilterdink, Frontotemporal dementia: Clinical features and diagnosis. UpToDate 2017. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/frontotemporal-dementia-clinical-features-and-diagnosis?topicRef=5083&source=see_link#H533509364
16. E. B. Larson, Evaluation of cognitive impairment and dementia. UpToDate. 2019 https://www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-of-cognitive-impairment-and-dementia?
17. K.R. Scott, A.M. Barret, Dementia syndromes: evaluation and treatment, Expert Neurother, 2007, 7(4) 407-422. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2536654/
18. D. Press, M. Alexander, Treatment of dementia. UpToDate. 2021. https://www.uptodate.com/contents/treatment-of-dementia?topicRef=5083&source=related_link#H5767442

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Diagnosis Dementia

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