Peresepan vitamin B pada pasien tanpa tanda klinis defisiensi sangat umum ditemukan di praktik. Hal ini karena suplementasi vitamin B kerap diyakini membawa manfaat kesehatan bagi pasien. Pada kenyataannya, suplementasi berlebihan dari vitamin B telah ditemukan membawa potensi harm, seperti peningkatan risiko katarak dan kanker kandung kemih.[1,2]
Peran Fisiologis dan Rekomendasi Konsumsi Harian Vitamin B
Vitamin B adalah vitamin larut air selain vitamin C, yang terdiri dari beberapa jenis, yakni thiamine (B1), riboflavin (B2), niacin (B3), asam pantotenat (B5), piridoksin (B6), biotin (B7), asam folat (B9), dan kobalamin (B12). Masing–masing jenis vitamin B memiliki peran fisiologis berbeda, tetapi secara umum vitamin B merupakan kofaktor untuk transpor aksonal, sintesis neurotransmiter, dan berbagai jalur metabolik selular.[2,3]
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Referensi
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2. Boot IWA, Wesselius A, Yu EYW, et al. Dietary B group vitamin intake and the bladder cancer risk: a pooled analysis of prospective cohort studies. Eur J Nutr. 2022 Aug;61(5):2397-2416. doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02805-2.
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5. Mrowicka M, Mrowicka J, Dragan G, Majsterek I. The importance of thiamine (vitamin B1) in humans. Bioscience Reports. 2023; 43 BSR20230374
6. Gasperi V, Sibilano M, Savini I, Catani MV. Niacin in the central nervous system: an update of biological aspects and clinical appilactions. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2019; 20 : 974; doi: 10.3390/ijms20040974
7. Sampedro A, Rodriguez-Granger J, Ceballos J, Aliaga L. Pantothenic acid: an overview focused on medical aspects. Eur. Sci. J. 2015; Vol 11 No. 21
8. Dhyani A, Singh N, Nautiyal VC. Overdose risk of vitamins : a review. J Pharm Sci Innov. 2019; 8(3)
9. Zhou SS, Zhou Y. Excess vitamin intake: An unrecognized risk factor for obesity. World J Diabetes. 2014 Feb 15;5(1):1-13. doi: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i1.1.
10. Hemminger A, Wills BK. Vitamin B6 Toxicity. In: StatPearls. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2025. PMID: 32119387.
11. Kennedy DO. B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy--A Review. Nutrients. 2016 Jan 27;8(2):68. doi: 10.3390/nu8020068.