Pendahuluan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

Oleh :

dr. DrRiawati MMedPH

Diabetes mellitus tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis metabolik progresif, berupa hiperglikemia akibat sekresi insulin yang tidak adekuat, resistensi insulin, serta ekskresi glukagon yang tidak normal. Penyakit ini berhubungan erat dengan obesitas.

Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan riwayat penyakit, keluhan, gejala, tanda klinis, kadar gula darah puasa, kadar gula darah 2 jam post-prandial, hemoglobinA1C, dan tes antibodi serta C-peptide untuk membedakan dengan diabetes mellitus tipe 1.

Penatalaksanaan diabetes mellitus tipe 2 bertujuan untuk mencegah terjadinya komplikasi dengan cara pengontrolan glikemia, dan mengupayakan agar penderita dapat beraktifitas dan kerja seperti orang normal pada umumnya. Penatalaksanaan bersifat multifaktorial, meliputi: pemberian oral anti diabetik, atau kombinasi terapi dengan insulin eksogen, diet ketat, olahraga teratur, memperbaiki gaya hidup, self-monitoring gula darah harian, dan follow-up teratur.[1,24,26]

Hiperglikemia. Sumber: Praisaeng, Freedigitalphotos, 2013.

Referensi

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Pendahuluan Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2

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