Indikasi Skrining Kanker Payudara

Oleh :

dr. DrRiawati MMedPH

Indikasi skrining kanker payudara dilakukan pada semua wanita dimulai sejak usia subur, tetapi rekomendasi pemeriksaan berbeda antara populasi tanpa risiko, risiko rata-rata, dan risiko tinggi. Tenaga kesehatan harus terlatih untuk melakukan pemeriksaan payudara klinis (SADANIS), diikuti dengan pengajaran kepada pasien tentang cara pemeriksaan payudara sendiri (SADARI) yang benar.[1,2,4,10,11]

Klasifikasi Faktor Risiko

Wanita yang memiliki risiko tinggi, diindikasikan untuk menjalani tes skrining pada usia yang lebih muda, dapat dimulai pada usia sedini 25 tahun. Wanita tersebut juga dianjurkan untuk konsultasi genetik, beserta tes untuk memastikan apakah ia membawa gen mutasi yang meningkatkan risikonya mendapatkan kanker.[1,7-11]

Risiko Tinggi

Referensi

1. American Cancer Society. Recommendations for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer. 2021. https://www.cancer.org/cancer/breast-cancer/screening-tests-and-early-detection/american-cancer-society-recommendations-for-the-early-detection-of-breast-cancer.html
2. Bryan, T., & Snyder, E. The Clinical Breast Exam: A Skill that Should Not Be Abandoned. Journal of General Internal Medicine. 2013, 28(5), 719-722. doi: 10.1007/s11606-013-2373-9
3. Gupta S. Breast Self Exam. breastcancer.org. https://www.breastcancer.org/symptoms/testing/types/self_exam
4. Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 34 Tahun 2015 tentang Penanggulangan Kanker Payudara dan Kanker Leher Rahim. 2015.
5. InfoDatin: Pusat Data dan Informasi Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Bulan Peduli Kanker Payudara.Oktober 2016. ISSN 2442-7659. http://www.depkes.go.id/folder/view/01/structure-publikasi-pusdatin-info-datin.html
6. Mandrik O, Zielonke N, Meheus F, Severens JLH, Guha N, Herrero Acosta R, Murillo R. Systematic reviews as a 'lens of evidence': Determinants of benefits and harms of breast cancer screening. Int J Cancer. 2019 Aug 15;145(4):994-1006. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32211. Epub 2019 Mar 14. PMID: 30762235; PMCID: PMC6619055.
7. Dupont WD, Blume JD, Smith JR. Building and Validating Complex Models of Breast Cancer Risk. JAMA Oncol. 2016;2(10):1271–1272. doi:10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.0878
8. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Breast Cancer: What are the risk factors. Apr 2016. https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/breast/basic_info/risk_factors.htm
9. The World Health Organization. Breast Cancer. March 2021. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/breast-cancer
10. Bissell MCS, Kerlikowske K, Sprague BL, et al. Breast Cancer Surveillance Consortium. Breast Cancer Population Attributable Risk Proportions Associated with Body Mass Index and Breast Density by Race/Ethnicity and Menopausal Status. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2020 Oct;29(10):2048-2056. doi: 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-20-0358. Epub 2020 Jul 29. PMID: 32727722; PMCID: PMC7541499.
11. Sun YS, Zhao Z, Yang ZN, et al. Risk Factors and Preventions of Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Sci. 2017 Nov 1;13(11):1387-1397. doi: 10.7150/ijbs.21635. PMID: 29209143; PMCID: PMC5715522.
12. Provencher, L., Hogue, J.C., Desbiens, C., et al. Is clinical breast examination important for breast cancer detection? Current Oncology. 2016. 23(4), e332-e339. doi: 10.3747/co.23.2881
13. Sankaranarayanan, R., Ramadas, K., Thara, S., Muwonge, R., Prabhakar, J., Augustine, P., et al. Clinical breast examination: preliminary results from a cluster randomized controlled trial in India. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2011. 103(19), 1476-1480. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djr304
14. The US National Institute of Health: National Cancer Institute. Breast Cancer Screening for Health Professionals. June 2017. https://www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/breast-screening-pdq#section/_121
15. Siu, A. L., Bibbins-Domingo, K., Grossman, D. C., LeFevre, M. L., & on behalf of the, U. S. P. S. T. F. Convergence and divergence around breast cancer screening. Annals of Internal Medicine. 2016. 164(4), 301-302. doi: 10.7326/m15-3065
16. Moller MH. Lousdal ML, et al. Effect of organized mammography screening on breast cancer mortality: A population-based cohort study in Norway. 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.31832
17. Gøtzsche PC, Jørgensen K. Screening for breast cancer with mammography. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2013, Issue 6. Art. No.: CD001877. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD001877.pub5
18. Mendes J, Matela N. Breast Cancer Risk Assessment: A Review on Mammography-Based Approaches. J Imaging. 2021;7(6):98. doi:10.3390/jimaging7060098

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