Strategi Mix-and-Match Vaksin COVID-19

Oleh :

dr. Luthfi Saiful Arif

Strategi mix-and-match vaksin COVID-19 atau disebut juga vaksin heterolog tengah diteliti dalam beberapa studi. Beberapa jenis vaksin yang banyak diteliti dalam konsep mix-and-match adalah kombinasi beberapa vaksin, yaitu chimpanzee adenovirus-vectored vaccine (ChAdOx 1) atau disebut vaksin COVID-19 AstraZeneca, vaksin mRNA-1273 atau disebut vaksin COVID-19 Moderna, dan vaksin BNT 162b2 atau disebut vaksin COVID-19 Pfizer.[1-3]

Sebelumnya, penggunaan vaksin heterolog juga telah terbukti dan diterapkan untuk beberapa jenis vaksin, yaitu vaksin Ebola dan vaksin rotavirus.[4,5] Oleh karena itu, ada alasan ilmiah yang cukup menjanjikan untuk menggunakan konsep serupa pada vaksinasi COVID-19. Penggunaan strategi mix-and-match juga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan capaian vaksinasi, ketersediaan suplai vaksin, dan isu keamanan vaksinasi COVID-19 yang juga terjadi di Indonesia.[1-3]

Mix and Match pada Penyakit Terdahulu

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Liu X, Shaw RH, Stuart ASV, Greenland M, Dinesh T, Provstgaard-Morys S, Clutterbuck E et al. Safety and Immunogenicity Report from the Com-COV Study – a Single-Blind Randomised Non-Inferiority Trial Comparing Heterologous And Homologous Prime-Boost Schedules with An Adenoviral Vectored and mRNA COVID-19 Vaccine. SSRN. 2021. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3874014
2. Borobia AM, Carcas AJ, Olmeda MTP, Castano L, Bertan MJ, Garcia-Perez J, Campins M et al. Reactogenicity and Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 in Subjects Having Received a First Dose of ChAdOx1s: Initial Results of a Randomised, Adaptive, Phase 2 Trial (CombiVacS). SSRN. 2021. Available from: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3854768
3. Schmidt T, Klemis V, Schub D, et al. Immunogenicity and reactogenicity of heterologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/mRNA vaccination. Nature medicine. 2021 Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01449-9.pdf
4. Libster R, McNeal M, Walter EB, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of Sequential Rotavirus Vaccine Schedules. Pediatrics. 2016; 137(2): e20152603
5. Anywaine Z, Whitworth H, Kaleebu P, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of a 2-Dose Heterologous Vaccination Regimen With Ad26.ZEBOV and MVA-BN-Filo Ebola Vaccines: 12-Month Data From a Phase 1 Randomized Clinical Trial in Uganda and Tanzania. J Infect Dis. 2019; 220(1): 46–56.
6. Canadian Center for Vaccinology. Immunogenicity and Adverse Events Following Immunization With Alternate Schedules of Authorized COVID-19 Vaccines in Canada: MOSAIC Study (Mix and Match of the Second cOvid-19 Vaccine Dose for SAfety and ImmunogeniCity). NIH. Available from: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04894435
7. Boyarsky BJ, Werbel WA, Avery RK, et al. Immunogenicity of a Single Dose of SARS-CoV-2 Messenger RNA Vaccine in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. JAMA. 2021;325(17):1784–1786. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.4385
8. Cucchiari D, Rovira J, Ventura-Aguiar P, et al. Cellular and Humoral Response After mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine in Kidney Transplant Recipients. Am J Transplant. 2021;10.1111/ajt.16701.
9. Grupper A, Rabinowich L, Schwartz D, et al. Reduced humoral response to mRNA SARS-Cov-2 BNT162b2 vaccine in kidney transplant recipients without prior exposure to the virus. Am J Transplant. 2021. doi: 10.1111/ajt.16615
10. Boyarsky BJ, Werbel WA, Avery RK et al. Antibody Response to 2-Dose SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccine Series in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients. JAMA. 2021; Published online May 5, 2021. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.7489.
11. Deming ME, Lyke KE. A ‘mix and match’ approach to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Nature medicine. 2021. Available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01463-x
12. Shaw RH, Stuart A, Greenland M, et al. Heterologous prime-boost COVID-19 vaccination: initial reactogenicity data. Lancet. 2021. 29;397(10289):2043-2046
13. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Vaksinasi COVID-19 Nasional. 2021. Available from: https://vaksin.kemkes.go.id/#/vaccines
14. Ophinni Y, Hasibuan AS, Widhani A, et al. COVID-19 Vaccines: Current Status and Implication for Use in Indonesia. Acta Med Indones - Indones J Intern Med. 2020; 52: 388-412.
15. Wise J. Covid-19: European countries suspend use of Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine after reports of blood clots. BMJ. 2021. Available from: https://www.bmj.com/content/372/bmj.n699.
16. Barrons-Martin J, Hammerschmidt SI, Cossmann A, et al. Immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 variants after heterologous and homologous ChAdOx1 nCoV-19/BNT162b2 vaccination. Nat Med. 2021
17. Libster R, McNeal M, Walter EB, et al. Safety and Immunogenicity of Sequential Rotavirus Vaccine Schedules. Pediatrics. 2016; 137(2): e20152603