Agonis Reseptor Glucagon-like Peptide-1 pada Penanganan Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Oleh :

dr.Eduward Thendiono, SpPD,FINASIM,Fellow IDF

Agonis reseptor glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1RA), seperti semaglutide dan liraglutide, diduga bermanfaat untuk obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) karena dapat memperbaiki pola dan stabilitas pernapasan serta memperbaiki resistensi insulin dan sindrom metabolik. Pada prinsipnya, OSA ditandai oleh episode repetitif kolaps parsial atau komplit dari saluran napas atas selama tidur. Ini dapat menimbulkan hipoksia intermiten dan tidur yang terfragmentasi.[1,2]

Patofisiologi OSA melibatkan faktor anatomis dan fungsional yang menyebabkan kolapsnya saluran napas atas selama tidur. Faktor anatomis meliputi saluran napas atas yang sempit pada kelainan kraniofasial, tonsil yang membesar, atau lidah yang besar. Faktor fungsional meliputi pelemahan kontrol neuromuskular pada otot-otot saluran napas, low arousal threshold, dan high loop gain.[3-5]

Obstruksi saluran napas yang berulang akan memicu siklus hipoksia dan reoksigenasi yang berkontribusi pada stres oksidatif dan inflamasi sistemik. Selain itu, sejumlah bukti telah menghubungkan OSA dengan sindrom metabolik dan resistensi insulin. Atas dasar inilah GLP-1RA diduga akan bermanfaat dalam penanganan OSA.[5-8]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

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