1. Clift AK, von Ende A, et al. Smoking and COVID-19 outcomes: an observational and Mendelian randomisation study using the UK Biobank cohort. Thorax. 2022 Jan;77(1):65-73. doi: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-217080. Epub 2021 Sep 27. PMID: 34580193; PMCID: PMC8483921.
2. WHO statement: Tobacco use and COVID-19. May 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/11-05-2020-who-statement-tobacco-use-and-covid-19.
3. Zheng Z, Peng F, et al. Risk factors of critical & mortal COVID-19 cases: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Infect. 2020;S0163-4453(20)30234-6. doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.04.021.
4. Alqahtani JS, Oyelade T, et al. Prevalence, Severity and Mortality associated with COPD and Smoking in patients with COVID-19: A Rapid Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. PLoS One. 2020;15(5):e0233147. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.023314.
5. Vardavas CI, Nikitara K. 2020. COVID-19 and smoking: A systematic review of the evidence. Tob Induc Dis. 2020;18:20. doi:10.18332/tid/119324.
6. Guan WJ, Ni ZY, et al. Clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 in China. N Engl J Med. 2020. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2002032.
7. Hou H, Li Y, et al. Smoking Is Independently Associated With an Increased Risk for COVID-19 Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Based on Adjusted Effect Estimates. Nicotine Tob Res. 2021 Oct 7;23(11):1947-1951. doi: 10.1093/ntr/ntab112. PMID: 34049390; PMCID: PMC8244809.
8. Smith, J.C. Sheltzer, J.M. Cigarette smoke triggers the expansion of a subpopulation of respiratory epithelial cells that express the SARS-CoV-2 receptor ACE-2. bioRxiv. 2020
9. Cai G, Bossé Y, et al. Tobacco Smoking Increases the Lung Gene Expression of ACE-2, the Receptor of SARS-CoV-2. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020;10.1164/rccm.202003-0693LE. doi:10.1164/rccm.202003-0693LE.
10. Russo P, Bonassi S, et al. COVID-19 and Smoking. Is Nicotine the Hidden Link? Eur Respir J. 2020;2001116. doi:10.1183/13993003.01116-2020.
11. 9Hoffmann M, Kleine-Weber H, et al. SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE-2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor. Cell. 2020;181(2):271‐280.e8. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.02.052.
12. Lee JJ, Liu D, et al. Long-term impact of smoking on lung epithelial proliferation in current and former smokers. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2001;93(14):1081‐1088. doi:10.1093/jnci/93.14.1081.
13. Cahlil K, Lindson-Hawley N, et al. Nicotine receptor partial agonist for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2016. Issue 5. Art, No.: CD006103. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD006103.pub7.
14. Cinciripini, P.M., Robinson, J.D., et al. Effects of varenicline and bupropion sustained-release use plus intensive smoking cessation counseling on prolonged abstinence from smoking and on depression, negative affect, and other symptoms of nicotine withdrawal. JAMA psychiatry, 2013.70(5), pp.522-533.
15. Tønnesen, P. Mikkelsen, K. Varenicline to Stop Long-term Nicotine Replacement Use: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial, Nicotine & Tobacco Research, Volume 15, Issue 2, February 2013, Pages 419–427, https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts146.
16. Davies NM, Thomas KH. The Food and Drug Administration and varenicline: should risk communication be improved? Addiction. 2017 Apr;112(4):555-558. doi: 10.1111/add.13592. Epub 2016 Oct 18. PMID: 27558015; PMCID: PMC5347897.
17. Matkin W, Ordonez-Mena JM, et al. Telephone counselling for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019. Issue 5. Art.No.: CD002850. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002850.pub4.
18. P2PTM Kemenkes RI. 2019. Anda perokok? Ingin. berhenti merokok?. 9 Mei 2020. http://www.p2ptm.kemkes.go.id/kegiatan-p2ptm/pusat-/anda-perokok-ingin-berhenti-merokok
19. Boland V, Mattick R, et al. “I’m not strong enough; I’m not good enough. I can’t do this, I’m failing”: a qualitative study of low‐socioeconomic status smokers’ experiences with accessing cessation support and the role for alternative technology‐based support. International Journal for Equity in Health;16:196. 2017.
20. Ciapponi, A. How do different smoking reduction interventions compare in terms of long term (more than 6 months) smoking cessation?. Cochrane Clinical Answers 2020. DOI: 10.1002/cca.2994.
21. Hajek P, Phillips-Waller A, et al. A Randomized Trial of E-Cigarettes versus Nicotine-Replacement Therapy. N Engl J Med. 2019 Feb 14;380(7):629-637. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1808779. Epub 2019 Jan 30. PMID: 30699054.
22. Walker N, Parag V, et al. Nicotine patches used in combination with e-cigarettes (with and without nicotine) for smoking cessation: a pragmatic, randomised trial. Lancet Respir Med. 2020 Jan;8(1):54-64. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(19)30269-3. Epub 2019 Sep 9. PMID: 31515173.
23. Beard E, West R, et al. Association of prevalence of electronic cigarette use with smoking cessation and cigarette consumption in England: a time-series analysis between 2006 and 2017. Addiction. 2020 May;115(5):961-974. doi: 10.1111/add.14851. Epub 2019 Dec 4. PMID: 31621131; PMCID: PMC7187187.
24. CDC. Outbreak of Lung Injury Associated with the Use of E-cigarette, or Vaping, Products. Feb 2020. https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html
25. Hwang JH, Ryu DH, et al. Heated tobacco products: Cigarette complements, not substitutes. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Nov 1;204:107576. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107576. Epub 2019 Sep 21. Erratum in: Drug Alcohol Depend. 2020 Mar 1;208:107872. PMID: 31586808.
26. Gray JN, Breland AB, et al. Potential reduced exposure products (PREPs) for smokeless tobacco users: clinical evaluation methodology. Nicotine Tob Res. 2008;10(9):1441-1448. doi:10.1080/14622200802323258
27. Hitchman SC, Fong GT, et al. The relation between number of smoking friends, and quit intentions, attempts, and success: findings from the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Four Country Survey. Psychol Addict Behav. 2014;28(4):1144‐1152. doi:10.1037/a0036483.
28. Whittaker R, Mc Robbie H, et al. Mobile phone text messaging and app-based interventions for smoking cessation. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2019. Issue 10. Art. No.: CD006611. DOI: 10.1002/14651858. CD006611.pub5.
Facebook 
Masuk dengan Email
