Apakah Ini Saat yang Tepat untuk Berhenti Meresepkan Salbutamol Oral?

Oleh :

dr. Hunied Kautsar

Salbutamol oral terbukti tidak efektif dan telah direkomendasikan agar dokter berhenti meresepkannya. Namun, salbutamol oral masih sering digunakan karena mempertimbangkan harga dan ketersediaan salbutamol sediaan inhalasi. Asma adalah penyakit inflamasi kronis yang ditandai dengan obstruksi saluran nafas yang reversibel dan spasme bronkus. Asma tidak dapat disembuhkan namun dapat dikendalikan.[1,2]

Terapi Pilihan untuk Asma

Terapi pilihan utama untuk gejala asma adalah short-acting inhaled β-agonist (SABA), seperti salbutamol atau terbutaline. Sediaan salbutamol berdasarkan teknik pemberian obat adalah pressurised, metered-dose inhalers, dan cairan nebulasi untuk pemberian perinhalasi, cairan intravena untuk injeksi, serta tablet, sirup, dan serbuk puyer untuk peroral.[1,2]

(Konten ini khusus untuk dokter. Registrasi untuk baca selengkapnya)

Referensi

1. Asthma Acute. 2020. The Royal’s Children of Melbourne. http://www.rch.org.au/clinicalguide/guideline_index/Asthma_acute/.
2. What is Asthma?. 2020. Asthma Australia. https://www.asthmaaustralia.org.au/nsw/about-asthma/what-is-asthma.
3. British Thoracic Society and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. British guideline on the management of asthma. Edinburgh and London: British Thoracic Society and Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, 2014.
4. Johnson DB, Merrell BJ, Bounds CG. Albuterol. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2020 Jan-. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482272/
5. Louridas G, Kakoura M, Galanis N, Patakas D, Kastritsi K. Bronchodilatory effect of inhaled versus oral salbutamol in bronchial asthma. Respiration. 1983;44(6):439-43. doi: 10.1159/000194582. PMID: 6648053.
6. Paediatric Society of New Zealand. Best practice evidence-based guideline: Management of asthma in children aged 1–15 years. Wellington: Paediatric Society of New Zealand, 2005.
7. National Asthma Council Australia. Asthma management handbook. South Melbourne, Vic: National Asthma Council Australia, 2006.
8. Singapore Ministry of Health. Clinical practice guidelines: Management of asthma. Singapore: Ministry of Health, 2008.
9. Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia nomor 1023/MENKES/SK/XI/2008 tentang Pedoman Pengendalian Penyakit Asma.
10. National Asthma Council Australia. Australian asthma handbook, version 1.0. South Melbourne, Vic: National Asthma Council Australia, 2014.
11. Global Initiative for Asthma. Global strategy for asthma management and prevention. 2020. GINA.
12. Aliaga CA, Arizon LF, Bermúdez RM, Castán JAB, Santandreu AV. Severe hypokalemia secondary to abuse of β-adrenergic agonists in a pediatric patient: Case report. Jornal Brasileiro de Nefrologia : órgão Oficial de Sociedades Brasileira e Latino-americana de Nefrologia. 2019 May;42(2):250-253. DOI: 10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-2019-0020.
13. Ozdemir D, Yilmaz E, Duman M, Unal N, Tuncok Y. Hypoglycemia after albuterol overdose in a pediatric patient. Pediatric Emergency Care. 2004 Jul;20(7):464-465. DOI: 10.1097/01.pec.0000132220.88470.7d.
14. S. Sani, Second meeting of the Subcommittee of the Expert Committee on the Selection and Use of Essential Medicines: Should oral salbutamol remain on the WHO pediatric model list? Geneva: World Health Organization, 2008.
15. S.S Ranganathan, R. Balasubramanian, Review: Evidence of safety and efficacy of oral salbutamol preparations in the management of the wheezy child with acute respiratory infection and their role in the therapy of asthma in adults, Geneva: World Health Organization, 2010.