1. Xi Y, Xu P. Global colorectal cancer burden in 2020 and projections to 2040. Transl Oncol 2021; 14: 101174 [PMID: 34243011 DOI: 0.1016/j.tranon.2021.101174]
2. Sung H, Ferlay J, Siegel RL, et al. Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. CA Cancer J Clin 2021;71:209–49.
3. Global Cancer Observatory. Colorectal Cancer. Int Agency Res Cancer. https://gco.iarc.fr/en
4. World Health Organization. Cancer Incident in Indonesia. Int Agency Res Cancer. 2020;858:1–2.
5. De Campos F, Figueired M, Monteiro M, Nahas S, Cecconello. Incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients. Rev. Col. Bras. Cir. 2017; 44(2): 208-215. DOI: 10.1590/0100-69912017002004
6. Hubbard JM, Grothey A. Adolescent and young adult colorectal cancer. J Natl Compr Canc Netw. 2013;11(10):1219-25.
7. Wu CW, Lui RN. Early-onset colorectal cancer: Current insights and future directions. World J Gastrointest Oncol. 2022 Jan 15;14(1):230-241. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v14.i1.230.
8. Bailey CE, Hu CY, You YN, Bednarski BK, Rodriguez-Bigas MA, Skibber JM, et al. Increasing disparities in the age-related incidences of colon and rectal cancers in the United States, 1975-2010. JAMA Surg. 2015;150(1):17-22
9. AlZaabi A, AlHarrasi A, AlMusalami A, AlMahyijari N, Al Hinai K, ALAdawi H, Al-Shamsi HO. Early onset colorectal cancer: Challenges across the cancer care continuum. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2022 Aug 22;82:104453. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2022.104453.
10. Putranto A, Julistian J. Risk Factors of Colorectal Carcinoma Incidence in Young Adults: A Meta-Analysis. New Ropanasuri J Surg. 2019; 4(1), DOI: 10.7454/nrjs.v4i1.63
11. Lotfollahzadeh S, Recio-Boiles A, Cagir B. Colon Cancer. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing; 2024 Jan
12. Syuti M, Nouva. Kanker Kolorektal. Averrous. 2019, 5(2)
13. Guilherme F, Figueiredo M, Mnteiro M, Nahas S, Cecconello I. Incidence of colorectal cancer in young patients. Rev. Col. Bras. Cir. 2017; 44(2): 208-215. DOI: 10.1590/0100-69912017002004
14. Ganapathi S, Kumar D, Katsoulas N, Melville D, Hodgson S, Finlayson C, et al. Colorectal cancer in the young: trends, characteristics and outcome. Int J Colorectal Dis. 2011;26(7):927-34.
15. Park S, Yoon JY, Kwak MS, Cha JM. Clinical and pathological characteristics of early onset colorectal cancer in South Korea. Saudi J Gastr.2023; 29(6).
16. Lulabuka N, Dharsee N, Kahesa C, Kivike O. Clinical-Pathological Characteristics of Colorectal Carcinoma and Factors Influence 2-Years Survival among Patients Attending Ocean Road Cancer Institute Dar es Salaam Tanzania. Open Journal of Gastroenterology, 2019, 9, 59-72
17. Spaander M, Zuber A, Syngal S, Blaser M, Sung J, et al. Young Onset Colorectal Cancer. Nat Rev Dis Primers.2023; 9(1): 21. doi:10.1038/s41572-023-00432-7
18. Adigun A, Adelibe T, Okoye C, Ogundipe T, Ajekigbe O. Causes and Prevention of Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer. Cureus. 2023; 15(9): e45095. DOI 10.7759/cureus.45095
19. Bien SA, Su YR, Conti DV, Harrison TA, Qu C, et al. Genetic variant predictors of gene expression provide new insight into risk of colorectal cancer. Hum Genet. 2019 Apr;138(4):307-326.
20. Sinicrope FA: Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 2018, 379:764-73. 10.1056/NEJMcp1714533
21. Carr S, Kasi A: Familial Adenomatous Polyposis. StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL; 2023
22. Nielsen M, Morreau H, Vasen HF, Hes FJ: MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP). Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2011, 79:1-16. 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2010.05.011
23. Ye P, Xi Y, Huang Z, Xu P: Linking obesity with colorectal cancer: epidemiology and mechanistic insights. Cancers (Basel). 2020, 12:1408. 10.3390/cancers12061408
24. Cani PD, Jordan BF: Gut microbiota-mediated inflammation in obesity: a link with gastrointestinal cancer. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2018, 15:671-82. 10.1038/s41575-018-0025-6